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#.opt file soltrace series#
The redirection of sunlight by the heliostat field is also subject to a series of losses that depend on the heliostat’s position relative to the receiver, the position and orientation of neighboring heliostats, the position and apparent shape of the solar disc, the particulate content in the atmosphere, the geometry of the heliostat, optical errors in the heliostat, and the heliostat field operation strategy. In addition, receiver operation typically requires that the incident flux density be maintained below a maximum value, and heliostat images must be strategically placed on the receiver to achieve a workable distribution (Zavoico, 2001, Reilly and Kolb, 2001, Pacheco et al., 2002) that extends the receiver material lifetime and minimizes optical interception losses. The angular acceptance window for the reflected image from a heliostat is typically very small, requiring tracking precision with an error distribution standard deviation on the order of 1 mrad or less. Power tower systems (also known as “central receiver systems”) are optically complex, using thousands of individually tracking heliostats to reflect sunlight onto a stationary receiver throughout the day and the year.
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SolarPILOT also integrates a Monte-Carlo ray tracing engine (SolTrace), providing improved receiver optical modeling capability, a user-friendly front end for geometry definition, and side-by-side validation of the analytical algorithms. This paper discusses several of these methods, including dynamic heliostat grouping to reduce the expense of intercept factor evaluation, approximation of annual productivity with a subset of time steps throughout the year, polygon clipping to accurately calculate inter-heliostat shadowing and blocking, receiver and tower geometry optimization, and a trigonometric image transformation technique that ensures model accuracy for small heliostats. The individual heliostat modeling approach increases computational expense in comparison with DELSO元, so SolarPILOT implements a number of improvements to the analytical approximation method to improve model accuracy and computational efficiency. By applying the analytical model to individual heliostat images rather than large groups or zones of heliostats, SolarPILOT can characterize a wide variety of heliostat field layouts.
#.opt file soltrace software#
The tool uses the analytical flux image Hermite series approximation originally implemented in the DELSO元 software developed by Sandia National Laboratory in the early 1980s.
#.opt file soltrace manual#
“A Users Manual for DELSO元: A Computer Code for Calculating the.This paper develops and demonstrates a new Solar Power tower Integrated Layout and Optimization Tool (SolarPILOT). Department of Energy, Office of Energy SolTrace is one of several options available for modeling CSP systems. NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S.